Keloids

What are Keloids?

Keloids are raised, thickened scars that develop due to excessive collagen production during the healing process of a wound. They extend beyond the original injury site and may continue to grow over time. Keloids are more common in individuals with darker skin tones and can occur anywhere on the body, especially on the chest, shoulders, earlobes, and back.

Causes of Keloids

• Skin Injuries – Cuts, burns, acne scars, piercings, or surgical incisions can lead to keloid formation.
• Genetic Predisposition – A family history of keloids increases the likelihood of developing them.
• Inflammation & Infections – Skin inflammation from acne, chickenpox, or infections can contribute to keloid growth.
• Tension on Wounds – Stretched or improperly healed wounds may result in excessive scar tissue.
• Hormonal Factors – Changes in hormone levels may influence keloid formation.

Symptoms of Keloids

• Raised, thick, and firm scar tissue.
• Pink, red, or dark brown discoloration.
• Itching, tenderness, or discomfort in the affected area.
• Continuous growth beyond the original wound.
• Smooth and shiny appearance.

Diagnosis of Keloids

A dermatologist diagnoses keloids based on:

• Physical Examination – Checking the scar’s size, texture, and growth pattern.
• Medical History – Reviewing past injuries, family history, or previous keloid development.
• Biopsy (if needed) – In rare cases, a small sample may be taken to rule out other skin conditions.

Treatment for Keloids

• Corticosteroid Injections – Reduce inflammation and shrink keloid size.
• Laser Therapy – Improves texture and reduces redness.
• Cryotherapy – Freezing keloids with liquid nitrogen to shrink them.
• Surgical Removal – Cutting out the keloid, though it may regrow.
• Silicone Gel Sheets – Helps flatten and soften keloid scars.
• Radiation Therapy – Used in severe cases to prevent regrowth.

Prevention of Keloids

• Avoid unnecessary skin trauma, such as piercings and tattoos.
• Proper wound care – Keep cuts clean and covered.
• Apply silicone sheets or pressure dressings to healing wounds.
• Use sunscreen on scars to prevent darkening.
• Seek early treatment if a scar begins thickening.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Keloids are harmless but can be bothersome due to their appearance or discomfort. Early treatment and proper care can help manage them effectively. If keloids persist or cause distress, consulting a dermatologist for professional treatment is recommended.