Laparoscopic appendix Pilonidal sinus

Pilonidal Sinus and Its Treatment

A pilonidal sinus (PNS) is a small tunnel or cyst that forms in the skin at the top of the buttocks, near the tailbone. It can become infected, leading to pain, swelling, and pus formation. This condition is common among people who sit for long periods, such as drivers and office workers.

Causes of Pilonidal Sinus

• Ingrown Hair – Hair penetrating the skin can cause infection and cyst formation.
• Friction & Pressure – Prolonged sitting or activities that cause friction can contribute to the development of a sinus.
• Poor Hygiene – Lack of cleanliness can lead to bacterial growth.
• Obesity – Excess body weight increases friction in the tailbone area.
• Excessive Sweating – Moisture buildup can lead to bacterial infections.
• Family History – Some individuals may have a genetic predisposition to developing pilonidal sinus.

Symptoms of Pilonidal Sinus

• Pain & Swelling – A tender lump near the tailbone.
• Pus or Blood Drainage – A cyst may leak foul-smelling fluid.
• Redness & Inflammation – The area may become swollen and warm to the touch.
• Recurring Infections – Frequent flare-ups may occur if not treated properly.
• Fever – In severe cases, infection can lead to fever and general discomfort.

Diagnosis of Pilonidal Sinus

A doctor diagnoses a pilonidal sinus through:

• Physical Examination – Checking for swelling, redness, and drainage.
• Medical History Review – Assessing risk factors such as occupation and hygiene habits.
• Ultrasound or MRI – Used in complex or deep-seated cases to determine the extent of the sinus.

Treatment for Pilonidal Sinus

Laser Treatment for Pilonidal Sinus

A minimally invasive procedure using laser energy to close the sinus and remove infection.

• Quick & Painless – Performed under local or mild anesthesia.
• Minimal Bleeding & Scarring – Laser seals blood vessels and reduces scar formation.
• Faster Recovery – Patients can resume normal activities within a few days.
• Low Recurrence Rate – Laser treatment ensures complete healing and reduces the chances of recurrence.

Other Treatment Options

• Antibiotics & Pain Relievers – Used in mild cases to control infection and discomfort.
• Drainage of Abscess – The doctor may perform a small incision to drain pus and clean the area.
• Surgical Excision – In chronic cases, complete removal of the sinus may be required.
• Wound Care & Dressing – Proper hygiene and dressings help in healing and preventing infections.

Prevention of Pilonidal Sinus

• Maintain Good Hygiene – Keep the buttock area clean and dry.
• Shave or Trim Hair Regularly – Reduces the risk of hair penetration into the skin.
• Avoid Prolonged Sitting – Take breaks and move around if you sit for long hours.
• Wear Loose & Breathable Clothing – Prevents excessive sweating and irritation.
• Maintain a Healthy Weight – Reduces pressure on the tailbone area.